RESULTS: The women were older, more likely to report a family history of keratoconus, more likely to be nonwhite, and less likely to complete college than men. Vogt’s striae and monocular and binocular high-contrast entrance acuity were the only visual characteristics that varied between men and women in the multivariate model. Women were more likely than men to report ocular symptoms of dryness and complaints based upon a composite score of ocular symptoms. Women reported more hours per day of near work and were less likely to report the ability to wear contact lenses for enough hours to permit reading at home in the evening. Women reported more visits to their eye care practitioner during the previous 12 months. NEI-VFQ results revealed differences in self-reported difficulty with distance activities and driving.
Indications for INTACS
Indications for Intacs
1. Must be 21 years of age or older
2.progressive deterioration in vision not able to be improved with contact lenses or spectacles.
3.Clear central cornea
4.Central corneal thickness of 450 microns or more
5.corneal transplantation is the only other option.
Los Angeles keratoconus expert dr. Khanna advises other surgeons to follow these indications.
Keratoconus
Contact lens causes scarring
Multivariate analyses of 5-year prospective data from the CLEK Study cohort showed that baseline corneal curvature, contact lens wear, corneal staining, and younger age were predictive of the development of corneal scarring. The 5-year incidence of scarring is 13.7% for the overall sample and 38.0% for those eyes with corneal curvature greater than 52 D that wore contact lenses. Contact lens wear increased the risk of incident scarring more than 2-fold. These findings suggest a causal contribution of contact lens wear to corneal scarring in keratoconus
Keratoconus associated systemic diseases
The most common presentation of the keratoconus is as a sporadic disorder, but it has long been recognized that a significant minority of patients exhibit a family history as an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Most investigators suggest complete penetrance of predisposing factors with variable phenotypic expression. In some patients heterozygous mutations in the VSX1 gene are described as the underlying gene defect. An association with Down syndrome, monosomia X (Turner syndrome), Leber’s congenital amaurosis, mitral valve prolaps, collagenosis, retinitis pigmentosa and Marfan syndrome is described. The role of corneal cells in the pathogenesis of keratoconus is supported by the published reports of recurrence of keratoconus in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty due to graft repopulation by the recipient cells.
CLEK collaborative longitudinal evaluation of keratoconus
METHODS: The CLEK Study is an 8-year, multi-center, natural history study of 1209 patients with keratoconus who were examined annually for 8 years. Its goals are to prospectively characterize changes in vision, corneal curvature, corneal status, and vision-specific quality of life.
RESULTS: CLEK Study subjects had a mean age at baseline of 39.3+/-10.9 years. At study entry, 65% of the patients wore rigid contact lenses, and 14% reported a family history of the disease. Subjects exhibited a 7-year decrease in high- (2.03 letters) and low- (4.06 letters) contrast, best-corrected visual acuity, with 19% demonstrating decreases of 10 or more letters in high-contrast, best-corrected acuity and 31% of subjects demonstrating decreases of 10 or more letters in low-contrast, best-corrected acuity in at least one eye. Subjects exhibited an average 8-year increase in corneal curvature of 1.60D in the flat corneal meridian, with 24% demonstrating increases of 3.00D or more. The 8-year incidence of corneal scarring was 20%, with younger age, corneal staining, steeper baseline corneal curvature, contact lens wear, and poorer low-contrast visual acuity predictive of corneal scarring. Data from the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire suggest that the effect of keratoconus on vision-specific quality of life is disproportionate to its low prevalence and clinical severity.
Toric lens for keratoconus
A 55-year-old man with forme fruste keratoconus with a preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of 20/800 and a refraction of -6.50-3.00×135 and a 46-year-old man with a claw-shaped topographic pattern, a family history of keratoconus, and a UDVA of 20/800 with a refraction of -5.00-3.00×85. The refraction had been stable for at least 5 years in both patients. Phacoemulsification and implantation of an acrylic toric IOL were uneventful. One year postoperatively, the UDVA was 20/25 in both cases, with a refraction of -0.25-0.50×140 and 0.25-0.50×60, respectively. No progression and no IOL rotation were observed. Toric IOLs may provide excellent outcomes in patients with stable and nonprogressive corneal ectasia
Hormone and keratoconus
This study is from Clek or the collaborative longitudinal evaluation of keratoconus. It came from college of optometry in Ohio.
METHODS: The severity and progression of keratoconus in both men (M) and women were evaluated over a 4-year period that encompassed menopausal transition for hormone-active women (HA) and hormone-inactive women (HI). Four outcome measures were selected as indicators of the severity of keratoconus: high-contrast best-corrected visual acuity, low-contrast best-corrected visual acuity, the steep keratometric measurement, and corneal scarring (yes/no).
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among the 3 groups (M, HA, and HI) in race, history of atopic disease, family history of keratoconus, or rigid contact lens wear in the right and left eyes. At baseline, there were no significant differences among the 3 groups in high-contrast best-corrected visual acuity, low-contrast best-corrected visual acuity, or steep keratometric reading. Progression of keratoconus, as assessed by changes in these 3 continuous variables, was equal for the 3 groups. M had more corneal scarring than did HA or HI; however, there was no progression of scarring for any of the groups.
CONCLUSION: Keratoconus progressed in both men and women, aged 48-59 years; however, there were no differences among the groups in progression.
So what we learn her is that if you live in Los Angeles and suffer from keratoconus, there is still a chance of scarring even if you are in your fourties. You need to see Los Angeles cornea expert . Dr Khanna has offices in Beverly hills and west lake village and helps residents of Los Angeles with management of keratoconus.
Genetics of keratoconus
Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, non-inflammatory, and progredient corneal ectasia that mostly occurs as a sporadic disorder, but it has long been recognized that a significant minority of patients also exhibit a family history. In Los Angeles in recent years several candidate genes such as VSX1 and SOD1 have been proposed, and some disease-causing mutations have been identified. Keratoconus research in united states has also focused on collagen genes, especially those that are differentially expressed in KC cornea. Alterations in COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes may be responsible for decreases in collagen types I and III, a feature often detected in Los angeles keratoconus.
How intac works
Intacs is a method of treating keratoconus typical just to understand how it works we need to follow and Seabrook us get the corners in the house it’s a disease affects the I imagine a person with the big daddy and another with a flat abdomen the person to person has the belly button pointing fall it’s that is the new way to OBs person has the Betty button pointing downloads to bring the baby bed and back hop on a break maybe place under the bed he same thing happens in kettle corn is corn meal because if he does and weakness start sagging in pointing down much for being the apex of the Carne I’m back up towards plastic segment called and asked me to place due to Cici if he is going along the road and see somebody standing on the side we have to be careful to decide whether to give him a ride in the Kado know. In Los angeles keratoconus can be treated with intacs
Los Angeles Keratoconus